Ben Hall Pt 4

This website is designed, researched and written by Mark Matthews. It may alter with updated information and research as it comes to hand. This section is a work in progress...

"Ben Hall! Stockman, Squatter, Bushranger, from these personas, his character has remained an enigma. From a man held in high regard by all who knew him to a man through his own actions became one of the most hunted in colonial history, and who would ultimately die a violent and bloody death at the hands of his pursuers."- Mark Matthews.

This website aims to provide a comprehensive, chronological account of Australian bushranger Ben Hall's calamitous life. Gathered through the accounts of eyewitnesses, former gang members, government documents, as well as the reproduction of historical newspaper and N.S.W. Police Gazette records of Ben Hall and his associates' bushranging activities. (All related articles incorporated into the narrative are coloured and transcribed as originally published.)

"Hall is the only one of  the three who cultivates any moustache or whiskers, and he is getting fat."

The approach of Christmas 1863, Ben Hall’s young son Henry, who was five years old, would spend several weeks at William Hall’s hut at the Pinnacle Range. Despite ongoing animosity between William, his wife Anne, and Henry’s mother, Bridget, Henry remained with William during the holiday season. The arrangement, whether born from a demand or a mutual agreement with Bridget, allowed Ben Hall to step back from the tensions and spend quality time with his son. (Henry's recollections of his father are unrecorded.)

Ben Hall over this period maintained a low profile at William’s place until January 22nd. However,during this time, there was widespread newspaper speculation about his activities and location, some claiming he was seen in various locations, including Braidwood 320 km distant from Forbes. These reports, however, were based on hearsay and lacked any concrete evidence.  Example below.

 

Braidwood Dispatch' January 2nd 1864:

BEN HALL, IN BRAIDWOOD:- On Thursday evening last a rumour gained currency, that the notorious knight of the road, Ben Hall, had been in Braidwood during the day. A person in the town who knew him in other, and no doubt, to him, happier days, is said to have recognised him at a public-house. There are, however, so many recognition of these outlaws taking place every day in various parts of the country that they are beginning not to "go down," and the cry of the wolf passes unheeded.

Note: In the years ahead, Henry would spend time residing with William at Parkes, NSW.

On January 2nd, 1864, Mr. and Mrs. Campbell were praised for their courageous defence of their Goimbla home, which led to the fatal shooting of John O'Meally previously in November 1863.

TESTIMONIAL TO MR. AND MRS. CAMPBELL, OF GOIMBLA.-The Lachlan correspondent of the Bathurst Times reports as follows:- A public meeting was held at the Court house on Friday, at three p.m., for the purpose of presenting to Mr. Campbell an address from the inhabitants of Forbes and the neighbourhood, expressive of admiration of his courage, and that of Mrs. Campbell, in successfully resisting the attack of the notorious bushrangers, Gilbert, Ben Hall, and O'Meally on the 20th November, when O'Meally was killed. About one hundred of the elite of the district were present.

Earn presented to Mrs
Campbell for Bravery.

Following the testimony the praise given to the Campbell's a jeweller crafted a Coffee earn as a mark of respect to Mrs Campbell and her brave efforts in standing shoulder to shoulder with her husband in face of the bushrangers onslaught. (See right.)

The 'Goulburn Herald' says:— Mr. Clarke, jeweller, of this town, has just dispatched a very handsome electro-plated coffee-urn, valued at £15, by an inscription on which we learn that "The ladies of Upper and Middle Adelong present this token of esteem to Mrs. Campbell, as an appreciation of her heroic conduct displayed during the attack on Goimbla by bushrangers on 19th November, 1863.

The three years since Hall emerged out of the shadow of Frank Gardiner and joining Gilbert and O’Meally, their bushranging, had a detrimental effect on the business landscape surrounding Young and the smaller settlements. As such, it was noted in January 1864 the suffering of the many businesses and their customer base losses under the guns of the bushrangers. 

 

Yass Courier 2nd January 1864:

 

Effects of Bushranging on the Interior Trade.— The Cowra correspondent of the Herald writes:— "Since Gilbert and Hall left this district, it has been more quiet. During the gang's stay, they did a most serious injury to the trading community and nearly compelled them to close their places of business, for such was the dread of travellers lest they should meet the gang that no person would travel by this route, preferring rather to go many miles in another direction; and although the inhabitants of this district have been obliged to endure such hardships, the superintendent of our police informs the Colonial Secretary that he cannot catch the robbers because the inhabitant's shelter and protect them; that gentleman well knowing that the inhabitants have, on several occasions, armed themselves and gone out with his men to try and apprehend this noted gang of highwaymen."

 

January 1864 saw a surge in newspaper coverage of bushranging activities across the country, from the New England Tablelands in the north to Albury in the south. The electric telegraph burned with outrages as newspapers battled for the most up to date story. 

 

However, during this time, a new outlaw by the name of Fred Ward, also known as 'Captain Thunderbolt,' and escapee from Cockatoo Island was wreaking havoc in the Glen Innes district. Concurrently, the infamous Daniel 'Mad Dog' Morgan was reported to be active around Albury. The January 2nd, 1864 edition of the Wagga Wagga Express reported on an attack involving a woman who was travelling incompany with an unknown gentleman committed purportedly by Morgan.

Reported Outrage by Morgan:- A painful rumour has reached us with reference to this miscreant to the following effect. Our informant states that a lady and gentleman (whose names we suppress for obvious reasons) travailing on horseback during the past week, left a station in the vicinity of Piney Range. They had not proceeded far when the gentleman discovered he had forgotten something, and returned to the station, requesting his companion to ride slowly on and he would overtake her. Having accomplished his errand, he proceeded on his way, but there was no trace of the lady, nor were any tidings obtained of her till the following morning when she reached her destination. She stated that a short time after her companion left her she was met by an armed man whom she described as Morgan, and he compelled her to go with him into the bush, and detained her at his camp all night, assaulting her in a brutal and revolting manner. He led her back to the road in the morning, and she then made her way home as quickly as possible. If this report be confirmed we shall surely hear no more of the chivalry of these scoundrels, and this arch ruffian Morgan wanted but this display of brutal lust to complete the execration in which he must be held. A further report has reached us that he has paid another visit to Dr Stitt's place, where it was stated they were prepared and armed to meet him, but he went there and met with no resistance, although we hear that a son of Dr Stitt's wished to take a gun and meet him, but was prevented from so doing. We have no further particulars.

Despite his reputation for cruelty and vindictiveness, it was widely acknowledged that Morgan did not mistreat women. Thus, the report of his involvement in an attack on a woman, as mentioned earlier, might be exaggerated or the true assailant remained undisclosed, possibly to protect the woman's honour. In light of his notorious activities, on January 10th, the New South Wales government issued a £500 reward for Morgan's capture.

Speculation was rampant in country newspapers about a potential collaboration between Morgan, Hall, and Gilbert. However, these rumours were unfounded, as there was no evidence to suggest that the two bushrangers from the Lachlan area ever met the infamous outlaw from the Riverina, Morgan. 

 

Nonetheless, Gilbert, who was well educated, stayed well-informed by following newspaper reports about their own criminal activities as well as those of other notorious bushrangers.

 

The Courier Wednesday 20th January 1864:

Gilbert and Ben Hall are said to have taken into partnership the ruffian Morgan, together with two others, and thus to have once more formed a strong band. But the news is doubted in priggo-commercial circles, where it is said that Gilbert would scorn the notion to associate with Morgan. 

However, taking refuge at his brother's place, Hall and John Gilbert parted ways. Gilbert vanished from the public eye, following the earlier confrontation at Coffees at Burrowra and it was rumoured that he had returned to Victoria to spend Christmas with his family. However, Gilbert would not resurface until early 1864.

 

Furthermore, the haul from the 1862 Eugowra robbery and Ben Hall's gain was finally exposed in monetary terms drawn from a memorandum published from the Inspector General of police on the 9th January 1864:

 

The value of the gold and money stolen on that occasion was £13,694, of which £3700 was in notes. Gold to the value of £5335 was recovered by Sir FREDERICK POTTINGER and Sub-inspector SANDERSON. What became of the remainder is not very clearly known. It has been supposed that the lion's share of it fell to GARDINER, who retired upon the strength of it.

However, Gardiner Fordyce and Charters were deprived of their share by Sanderson and Manns lost his share, recovered by Sir Frederick Pottinger. Only Bow, Gilbert, O'Meally and Ben Hall retained their share of the spoils. For all Gardiner's planning he ended up with no reward for his enterprise.

 

Gilbert's whereabouts during this early 1864 period was a mystery. Had he traveled south? Had there been a disagreement between him and Ben Hall? Regardless of the circumstances, the two were not seen together for sometime. However, Gilbert was reportedly spotted alone in February in the town of Burrowa, at a local store gathering items.  

 

The Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser' Tuesday 9th February 1864:

The Bushranger Gilbert.- A private letter from Burrowa states that on the evening of the 18th ultimo Gilbert went to a store, within a short distance of the Burrowa police station, and purchased (and paid for) some tobacco, and Crimean shirts, and other articles.

Gilbert from all accounts lingered at his former stockman home, Maringo, where he was well-regarded by everyone, particularly the young women of the district.

On Gilbert's separation from Hall there was conjecture that the two as was an oft-repeated tale of another bitter dispute over a lady's favour, culminating in the grievous rumour of Hall discharging a fatal shot upon Gilbert. 

 

Yet, there existed another rendition that captivated the public's imagination: the notion that Gilbert's own revolver had inadvertently discharged whilst he was indulging in a bout of boastful display before his female admirers. Nevertheless, the truth, as is frequently the case in such matters, bore a complexity far beyond the reach of these circulating whispers. In actuality, Gilbert had not been reunited with Hall, a fact which only served to stoke the fires of speculation further, for Hall had been observed to be solitary in a series of daring robberies. Thus, the web of intrigue thickened, leaving all who pondered it to wrestle with the shadows of uncertainty.

 

The Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser Thursday 11th February 1864: 

Ben Hall And Gilbert.- The Marengo correspondent of the Yass Courier, writing on the 1st, says:- For some weeks past various rumours have been current as to the whereabouts or fate of Gilbert; some say that he is gone north, to what is called the new country, others that he and Hall had quarrelled about a woman, the rupture culminating in Hall pistolling Gilbert dead on the spot. But yesterday a settler told me for a fact, that Gilbert was not only dead but buried, and that he and Hall never quarrelled, for no one was more "cut up" at Gilbert's fate than Hall himself, and that Gilbert's death was purely accidental; for a while, he was what is vulgarly termed skylarking with the daughters of a settler not a hundred miles off, one of his numerous revolvers exploded, the contents entering his abdomen, and he would not allow a doctor to be sent for, saying "it was no use, as he knew it was a case;" so after lingering for ten or twelve hours, he died, and was buried "on the quiet."

Though all these rumours point to a canard or ruse by those local friends no doubt to throw the police off:

A wet blanket to the ardour of the police, yet it is the general belief around here that something of the kind has occurred. One thing is certain, that, as far as highway robbery is concerned, Hall and Gilbert are now-in thieves vernacular-"pals no longer." 

Despite the absence of 'Happy Jack,' a most curious tale emerged in the year 1913, derived from the recollections of a venerable local from the Lachlan district. The narrative posited that Jack was neither departed from this world nor estranged from his companion Hall, but rather that Gilbert had succumbed to a grievous illness. According to this venerable source, Gilbert had not ventured to Victoria, but had instead sought refuge in a favoured haunt of the gang—the wild and desolate region of Bogan Gate, nestled to the northwest of Forbes.

This territory, was defined by vast stretches of untamed wilderness and imposing hills such as Monumea Gap, the Nelungaloo Range, and the Jemalong Range, otherwise known as the Garland Range. These out of the way areas provided an ideal sanctuary for Hall and Gilbert. These ranges formed a narrow mountainous spine extending from the current Carawandool State Forest at Back Creek, meandering northwards to Bogan Gate. The area abounded with caverns and ridges, affording the gang excellent concealment.

Additionally, the proximity of nearby stations like Bundaburrah, Billabong, and Carrawobbity, as well as the township of Forbes and the Dog and Duck Hotel, proved exceedingly advantageous. The Dog and Duck Hotel, owned by one Tom Higgins—an intimate confidant of Hall's and the very man who had tended to Hall's grievously injured leg in his youth—became a pivotal supply point. Higgins provided the bushrangers with provisions and intelligence regarding the movements of the constabulary, thus enabling them to replenish their supplies as necessity dictated. There were even tales that, when the authorities drew near, the bushrangers would retreat to this region to assist certain graziers in the herding of cattle.

However, while Hall was occupied with his young son over Christmas at the Pinnacle, Gilbert, according to the old-timer's account, purportedly travelled further north, a distance of some forty miles. There, he was said to have been stricken with Typhoid Fever and was nursed back to health by a kindly drover named Botfield. Thus, the narrative wove a tapestry of intrigue and rugged camaraderie, set against the backdrop of the wild Australian bush. 'The Forbes Advocate' Friday 28th February 1913:

A BOTFIELD EPISODE. There is a little siding out on the Parkes to Bogan Gate railway line called Botfield, and when I was out that way a couple of weeks ago I little dreamt that the peaceful little railway siding was once the spot on which a great act of "man's humanity to man" was enacted. A drover named Botfield was taking a mob of sheep across that part of the country and coming to a creek that contained good water, he decided to camp to rest his mob. He camped on there for such a long time that people began to speak of it as Botfield's Creek. One day Gilbert, one of Ben Hall's gang, rode up to the camp, suffering from typhoid fever, and Mr and Mrs Botfield made a bunk under their wagon and nursed him right through his illness. The police often rode up making inquiries about the bushrangers and even went so far as to look under the wagon round which the tarpaulin was hung, but Botfield put them off by telling them that it was only a sick drover under there.

However, on Gilbert's whereabouts a correspondent while canvassing another trail of inquiry had it indicated to him that Gilbert had indeed gone north: It is speculated he went to Queensland.

Sydney, MARENGO. [FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT.] MARCH 22 1864. — for some days past. I have been making minute enquiries respecting Gilbert, and that among parties who are, I know, au fait as to the whereabouts of the youthful desperado; and the result is that the ex-highwayman—for he intends crying "stand " no longer convalescent from his pistol-wound, again in the saddle, and proceed to———— here my informant made a vague sort of motion with one of his arms, describing about half the points of the compass, and said, "In that, direction.'' However, the indication, notwithstanding its great, latitude, had decidedly a northward tendency.

Gilbert's mystery and speculation was finally countered by his own admission late in 1864 the he had actually gone to Queensland.  

Empire 20th December 1864: 

Gilbert has not the fresh, clear expression of countenance he used to have. His features are now much embrowned by the sun, and the skin in many places is peeling off. He, in the course of conversation, admitted that he had not long returned from Queensland, and that when there he was three times chased by the police; and furthermore, that on one of these three occasions, upon his horse knocking up, he jumped off and challenged his two pursuers to come on, whereupon they halted and jawed a bit, and then turned tail.

Sydney Mail 15 September 1937: A Centenarian Looks Back.

"I got through to Queensland. In Queensland I came across a farmer living alone and he gave me a job as a ploughman, and I thought I was all right.

"One day we were in the field and a man came along and talked to my master. The stranger looked at me and turned away as if he hadn't seen me. Then the master said to me: 'We're going up to the house to have a cup of tea. Coming along, Johnny?' I said: 'No, thanks. I'll stop and look after the horses.'

I had my own opinions about the man, so I waited till they got inside the hut and cut for my life. I was nine days without food, and when I got to Pring's station (twenty miles from Burrangong) I was in rags and my boots just hanging to my feet; but I met my pal there and he soon supplied me with clothes, horse, and food." 

Hall's brief reunion with his son came to an abrupt end on January 22, 1864. Bridget Hall sought the intervention of the Forbes Court to reclaim young Henry Hall. Accompanied by Jim Taylor, Bridget issued a summons against William Hall for the unlawful detention of her son. However, the case never reached the courtroom as the dispute was resolved outside of court, and Henry was returned to his mother and Taylor.

FORBES. Friday, 5 pm.- Mrs Hall, wife of Ben Hall the bushranger, accompanied by the notorious Jim Taylor, recently took out a summons against Bill Hall, the brother, for the illegal detention of Ben Hall's child. The case was to have come off on Thursday, but the parties concerned made no appearance, the child having been surrendered to Taylor, who assumes its guardianship. 

In mid-January 1864, reports began to surfaced that Hall was seen in one of his old stomping grounds, Burrowa, apparently suffering from a fever. This account aligns with the period when Hall was dealing with the effects of a centipede bite. 

 

However, the sighting near Burrowa might have been due to Hall visiting Susan Prior at Tangamaroo. In 1864, Susan was once again pregnant with a son, who would later be named Alfred. It's plausible that Ben Hall was the father of this child, as his daughter Mary was a year old at this time. These reports, however, added to the confusion and speculation surrounding Gilbert's alleged illness when in fact it was Hall that was ill. 'The Sydney Morning Herald' Friday 5th February 1864:  

Ben Hall was seen about a fortnight ago on his old beat. He was suffering from colonial fever.

Before January 26th became officially recognised as Australia Day—marking the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788—it was known as Anniversary Day. This was a time to commemorate the birth of a new nation, built on the backs of convicts, including my own ancestors, who arrived in 1822. Though they earned their freedom, these men and women were prohibited from returning to the 'Old Dart'. Yet, despite that severed tie, they forged lives in a harsh land and helped shape the nation we know today.

Anniversary Day 1864, become a festive occasion. Across the colonies, towns hosted celebrations honouring the perseverance and progress of their young country. Horse racing, the sport of choice for such events, drew crowds in high spirits. Burrowa was no exception—lavish preparations had been made, and the townspeople dressed in their finest for the day’s festivities.

But not all were there to celebrate.

NSW Police Gazette
Feb 1864.

Ben Hall, ever calculating, knew the roads would be busy with revellers. Alongside an unidentified accomplice, he positioned himself on the road to Burrowa, waiting for the perfect moment to strike. Their first targets were young ladies riding in a buggy, decked in their Anniversary best, accompanied by men on foot. Just ahead, they intercepted a man named Dwyer, on his way to the Burrowa races.

What had begun as a day of pride and pageantry was about to turn into something far more unsettling—a reminder that in the Australian bush, celebration and danger often rode side by side.

'The Australian News for Home Readers' 

Wednesday 24 February 1864:

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/126553528?searchTerm=Here%20was%20a%20quiet%2C%20gentlemanly-looking%20man%20dressed%20in%20a%20neat-fitting%20grey%20tweed%20suit%2C%20hazel-coloured%20eyes%2C

Still nursing the painful bite and limping from discomfort, Ben Hall returned on the 13th of February, 1864, to a place once familiar and cherished—his former station, Sandy Creek. Once a happy home, it had passed out of his hands and into those of John Wilson, who had purchased the property from Hall and his brother-in-law, John Maguire, back in September 1862. (See Ben Hall Pt 1)

Hall rode into the old homestead in search of Wilson. Their meeting was cordial. Hall, in need of food and fresh horseshoes, made his request with characteristic ease. Over a few days he made himself at home. On the final day as he sat down to breakfast, the tranquillity of the morning was broken by the barking of dogs.

Moments later, a party of police led by Inspector Shadforth approached. With composure that bordered on the surreal, Hall rose from his meal, looked out the door then walked to his horse and mounted—passing within mere yards of the police who fired at Hall—Hall returned fire as he rode off at speed. He vanished into the scrub. Shadforth humiliated focused on John Wilson charging him with harbouring.

John Wilson, caught in the fallout, was taken to Bogolong then Forbes. However, the charge was dismissed.

But the most remarkable detail came after the dust had settled. According to station hand William Roebuck, once the police had departed, Hall returned—unbothered—and resumed his hearty breakfast at the very table he had left moments before.

He came to the kitchen, and said to me, "Good morning, old man. I have been watching them take my cook; I suppose I must cook myself." He took and fried five eggs, drank two pints of coffee, and ate some bread and butter. He hung his mare on the garden fence, where it was before the troopers chased him. He told me to tell the troopers that he had been back, wished me good morning, and went.

For the full article see the text/link below.

THE LATE BUSHRANGING ESCAPADE (From the Lachlan Miner, February 27th.) IN our last we promised to give full particulars today of the escape of Ben Hall from Wheogo; and we now proceed, as far as lies in our power, to redeem that promise. The statements of John Wilson and William Roebuck will throw considerable light upon the affair; and (until the other side of the case, if there be one, is officially made public), they must, we take it, be relied upon, the more especially as they can be verified on oath, although not as yet strengthened by affidavits: 

The Sydney Morning Herald

Tuesday 1st March 1864

THE LATE BUSHRANGING ESCAPADE

https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/13096491?browse=ndp%3Abrowse%2Ftitle%2FS%2Ftitle%2F35%2F1864%2F03%2F01%2Fpage%2F1476636%2Farticle%2F13096491

However, for Sub-inspector Frederick Shadforth by allowing Ben Hall to slip through his fingers, was suspended by government minister Mr Forster pending an enquiry:

He (Mr Forster) had felt it to be his duty to suspend Mr Shadforth, and order an enquiry to be made into the circumstances.

Inspector Shadforth has been suspended for not capturing Ben Hall, the bushranger.

However, the inquiry was to be held in Forbes by Sir Frederick Pottinger. An observer on the subject of Shadforths situation commented that the scrutiny had more to do with police issues other than its purpose of catching Ben Hall: We have seen, only the other day, Sir F. Pottinger holding an inquiry on Inspector Shadforth, for doing everything but trying to catch Hall; and they have been all alike in their results equally unsatisfactory. In none of them have the public ever known the truth. Every opportunity has been afforded for the suppression of disagreeable facts, for the hushing up of acknowledged delinquencies, for the crushing of the subordinate scapegoat, and, the escape of the powerful culprit.- Empire 4th April 1864.

Now suspended and against the advice of his peers Frederick Shadforth tendered his resignation which was accepted by the government.

Inspector Shadforth. — This police officer has sent in his resignation. He has taken this step contrary to the wishes of his friends, who were desirous that he should submit to the enquiry into his conduct with respect to the escape of Ben Hall from Wilson's station.

However, the circumstances surrounding Hall's evasion marked the end of Shadforth's tenure with the New South Wales police force.

Shadforth managed to secure employment in various government roles following his departure from the police force. However, he found it challenging to maintain those positions. By 1873, Shadforth's struggles led to Victoria and a three-year sentence at Beechworth Gaol for forgery. This wasn't his first brush with the law; in 1865, he had spent a month in prison for obtaining money under false pretenses in Gundagai.

APPREHENSION OF AN EX-SUB-INSPECTOR OF POLICE— On Thursday night Frederick C. Shadforth, late a sub-inspector of police, was apprehended at Hardwicke,- by mounted constables Mara and Buckley, on a warrant in which he is charged with having obtained money by a false pretence from Mr. Norton, innkeeper, of Gundagai.

Shadforth eventually settled in Queensland where in 1891 he took his own life. Whereby he cut his wrists and bled to death.

A SUICIDE. His Identity Discovered. [BY TELEGRAPH FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT.) BRISBANE, Sunday: - INQUIRY into the death of Frederick Shadforth, who cut his arms and bled to death a fortnight ago, has disclosed the information that the deceased was the son of Captain Henry Tudor Shadforth, for many years Usher of the Black Rod in the Legislative Council of New South Wales. Shadforth had been working in Queensland for four years as clerk. At one time he attempted to start a matrimonial agency under the name of Summerleas.

The once prosperous squatter, Ben Hall now found himself revisiting the familiar landscapes of his past life, albeit under very different circumstances. Often seen alone, without the usual company of Gilbert, he sought out locals to join him in his illicit activities. Who these where other than Mount remains a mystery. The increasing pressure from law enforcement compelled Hall to expand his operations. By the end of March, he had ventured south of Cootamundra, near Berthunga, with the intention of targeting wealthy officials and gold buyers. However, his presence did not go unnoticed. As soon as word of his whereabouts reached the authorities, they initiated a pursuit. Yet, as was often the case, their efforts to apprehend Hall proved fruitless: Sydney Mail, April 2nd 1864: 

Ben Hall again,— The Wagga Wagga Express of 26th March, says information was received in town on Sunday evening, that the mail had been stuck up between Bathungra and Cootamundry the previous night, it was believed by Ben Hall (although at Cootamundry itself the supposition is otherwise). From what we hear he (being alone and armed with a rifle and two revolvers stuck-up the mailman and detained him for some short time, and subsequently Mr. Hurley, of Cootamundry; but taking nothing from either of them, and letting them soon depart unmolested.

He stated in the course of conversation with them, that he intended to stop Messrs. Clarke Gold Commissioner), Macarthur, and Copeland, of Lambing Flat (who were here at the races) and take their horses. lt may be remembered that Mr. Clarke's horse, Foxhunter, was once before in the possession of the bushrangers for some time, being recovered by the police. He also spoke of his engagement with sub-inspector Shadforth, and said the latter was not at all to blame, for he had behaved well, and did his best to take him.

Two police parties in disguise were patrolling the roads at this time, having been placed on such duty during the races. One party heard of the sticking up near Bethungra, and immediately started in pursuit, getting on the tracks of two horses by the moonlight, and following them up towards Cootamundry, losing them within about three or four miles of that place, the tracks being lost In the bush.

This party informed the Cootamundry men, who then also started in pursuit, beating round the Levels and Cummings' (Ben Hall's old country), but without avail, hearing nothing of him. The second patrolling party meeting with the first, near Bethungra, the two started again on Monday, beating all about, and making every enquiry but still unfortunately with no result, hearing nothing of him.

It is now believed that he must at once have made back to his own part of the country, learning from various sources of information of the numbers of police then patrolling the road in disguise; it having been otherwise his declared intention of sticking up everybody he came across on the road.

James 'The Old Man' Mount

Gilbert's absence remained a mystery, but Hall and his new accomplice, James Mount, didn't let that slow them down. They continued their spree of robberies, remaining in the vicinity of Bethungra, a place already familiar with their exploits. They then returned north riding from from Marengo to Burrowra, their boldness growing with each successful heist. They took what they wanted - watches, horses, saddles, bridles, clothing, and of course, money. Their audacity was matched only by their cunning, as they managed to stay one step ahead of the law.

The local Traps, seemed to be perpetually behind. Despite their best efforts, they were unable to catch up with Hall and Mount. On several occasions, they arrived at the scene of a robbery only to find that the culprits had already fled, leaving behind a trail of frustrated victims and baffled lawmen.

Frederick Chisholm

Whispers were maintained among the townsfolk that the Traps were disinterested in pursuing Hall and Mount. Some speculated that they were afraid, that the reputation of the bushrangers had instilled fear in the hearts of the mounted troopers.

 
Regardless of the truth, the result was the same. Hall and Mount continued their spree:

 

Reported 1 April 64 - 

ROBBERY BY BEN HALL: - Intelligence is to hand that on Friday last Ben Hall went to Mr F Chisholm's station, Grogan, in the Binalong district, and finding the owner alone proceeded to tie him up. He threatened him with further punishment for riding about the country with bad characters— meaning the police. He then went outside, and securing two of the servants; took the race-horse Troubadour, two other horses, and some trifling articles, and went away.— Goulburn Herald and Chronicle.

The raid was presented in more depth from the Burrangong Times: 

The Burrangong Times says: — On the evening of Friday last the celebrated Ben Hall unceremoniously introduced himself to the presence of Mr. Chisholm in that gentleman's residence, at Bland, and, after enquiring for the master of the house, was told that he was addressing him. No sooner was this said than Hall presented two revolvers at Mr. Chisholm's head, and demanded of a female who was present to bring him some coat straps. These being furnished, Hall put one of the revolvers in his belt, in which four more were fixed and with the unoccupied hand bound Mr Chisholm's hands behind his back. He then demanded the key of the store, which was complied with. From the store he filled up three-bushel bags with clothing, bridles, &c., and took from Mr Chisholm his gold watch and chain, valued at £11. Hall then addressed himself to Mr. Chisholm thus : — "Now, Sir, I want your race-horse Troubadour." Mr. Chisholm begged of him to take anything he liked, but to leave him his horse, remarking that having left him so long unmolested, he thought that he (Hall) would not have troubled him now. "Damn you," Hall replied, "you ought not to have been so flash, assisting to escort the horse Union Jack to the Wagga Wagga races. I was watching you from the ridges while I was lying in wait for Commissioner Clarke and Tom Coupland."

Troubadour was then brought from the stable, Mr Chisholm's new saddle and bridle was put on him, and the two crammed bags of plunder were strapped on. On proceeding out of the yard, Troubadour, not relishing the humiliation of being converted into a packhorse, commenced bucking, and quickly relieved himself of his freight. Other horses were then brought into requisition, which were, along with Troubadour, led away. Hall only appeared in the robbery, but, by the signals he at times gave, it was evident he was not alone, and had several accomplices at hand. Mr Chisholm rode to Young next morning and laid an information to the police, who went in search after Hall. Mr. Chisholm has had information since that Troubadour has been set adrift near M'Kay's station, at Mimagong.

The following is a somewhat more circumstantial account of the same event from the Young Daily Tribune of the 6th instant. That Journal says :— On Friday, the 1st instant, Ben Hall paid a visit to Groggan station, Bland Plains, 30 miles from Young, the property of Mr. Frederick Chisholm — a gentleman well known in this district It appears that Hall had a great longing to become possessed of 'Union Jack,' the celebrated race-horse, who ran third in the Champion Race at Wagga Wagga; but the horse being closely escorted by some troopers from Junee he was disappointed. Mr Chisholm came part of the way with the police escort, which annoyed Hall and Co. ; and, to be revenged for their not obtaining ' Union Jack,' they honoured Mr. Chisholm with their company between seven and eight o'clock on the above evening. In the house, besides Mr. C, were a man and a boy, who are in his service, a traveller stopping for the night, and Mr. Peter Woods, a neighbouring squatter, who was in bed at the time, and whom they did not molest in any way. Hall came into the house by himself, and, after bidding good evening, proceeded to tie everyone up, with their hands behind their back, civilly saying, 'he came for the race-horse Troubadour, and have him he would.' Mr. Chisholm asked, "What he wanted with the horse after having left him alone so long? Hall replied, "That he (Mr C.) was too bloody flash coming from Wagga Wagga; if lie had returned home by himself he would not have interfered with him but, if he chose to keep company with troopers, he must be taught better manners." Hall then untied and marched them all before him to the stable where the horse was, which he took out, brought back to the house, and put a bridle and saddle on. He then filled two three-bushel bags with property from. Mr. Chisholm's station store, consisting of clothing of various kinds, tobacco, saddles and bridles, and quietly asked for Mr Chisholm's gold watch and chain, which cost twenty-five guineas. These having been handed to him, he coolly pocketed, remarking that the watch looked a good one. He also took two other horses — a chestnut and a bay; and, having secured his booty safely on the horses, he kindly wished them all good evening, saving — "I dare say you are not sorry I am going." Hall did not disguise himself in any way, but appeared quite cool and jolly. Mr Chisholm did not know Hall personally ; but some of his men did, and enlightened their master as to the character of his disagreeable visitor. Mr. Chisholm estimates his loss at about £270. It is supposed that Hall's companions waited a short distance for him, and aided him to carry off the plunder; although none of them but Hall was seen. Such are the particulars, as far as we can at present learn, of the outrage, alike disgraceful to our civilisation and Government. It is reported that 'Troubadour' has been turned loose by the bushrangers ; but we doubt the truth of it. The bay draught horse which was stolen has been recovered, having been picked up on the station by a stock-keeper.

The Yass Courier Saturday 16th Apr 1864:

BEN HALL'S LATEST EXPLOITS. [from our Marengo correspondent.] Monday, 6 p.m. — Two hours ago Mr. Percy Scarr, of Marengo Station, and his brother Richard, were stuck-up by Ben Hall and one of his neophytes within four miles of Marengo, on the Burrowa side. All the plunder the scoundrel's obtained consisted of the gentleman's watches, horses, saddles, and bridles, which were galloped away with. The squatters around, who are possessed of horses of any local reputation, must now keep a sharp eye on the same, for I am informed that Hall swears that his new gang shall be the best mounted rangers that over "took the bush for it."

The horses stolen this afternoon will assist to make good the robber's boast, for they are both well bred animals, particularly Mr. Percy Scarr's, which is a fine, showy beast, having formerly been a racer. This highway robbery took place not far from where Mr. Scarr was stuck-up before, and very near to the spot where the unfortunate mailman, Crotty, was shot dead. The Marengo police are now in pursuit.

Tuesday, 9 p.m. — The police have returned. They were unsuccessful. Most of us are now on the qui vive, consequently arms are at a premium ; for it has been tritely yet truly remarked, that "those are best' protected who protect themselves."

Percy Scarr

Leaving the Scarr's 50 pounds poorer on Hall with Gordan were on their way to recover a horse from a nearby station of Hall's. Hall was met by a bush-telegraph and appraised of the situation that Sheedy the discover of the Lambing Flat goldfield was at his public house. Still angry at the encounter with Sheedy and the failure to nick the racehorse Black Diamond Hall arrived at the pub at Back Creek to cast retribution.

The Goulburn Herald and Chronicle Saturday 16th April 1864: - BEN HALL IN OUR MIDST:- On Monday about one o'clock p.m., Ben Hall and another stuck up Messrs. Percy and Richard Scarr, on the Marengo road, and after making them dismount, Hall took possession of their horses, saddles and bridles. Both horses were valuable, especially one for which £50 was given lately, which is a fine, showy beast, having formerly been a racer.

It appears Hall was on his way to Broughtonsworth for this horse, when, it is supposed, by the intervention of a bush telegraph, he had his wish gratified with less trouble. Hall commented to Mr. Scarr and swears that his new gang shall be the best mounted rangers that over "took the bush for it."

Mr. Percy Scarr's, which is a fine, showy beast, having formerly been a racer. This highway robbery took place not far from where Mr. Scarr was stuck-up before, and very near to the spot where the unfortunate mail man, Crotty, was shot dead. The Marengo police are now in pursuit.

Departing from the Scarr brothers Hall headed for Mr. Sheedy's home and business in search of the race horse he failed to posses in January following the Burrowra Anniversary Races Black Diamond.

Late on the evening of the same day, the inmates of Mr Sheedy's public-house, Back Creek, were alarmed by Hall and his companion entering and bailing them up in the usual way. Hall's mate-an elderly man aged about fifty, kept them in a corner, while Hall went and searched for Sheedy, on whom he says he will have revenge, on account of having reported his having been stuck up while returning from Burrowa races. For this and to get possession of, Mr. Sheedy's race-horse, Black Diamond. Hall stated that this was the object of his visit. However, Hall ransacked the place, took possession of the bar, and became landlord pro. tem,, serving out nobblers ad libitum, and gratis. He then ordered supper, of which he and his coadjutor heartily partook. They then left, and went and stick-up another store. He is supposed to be now in the bush near Marengo. The bush telegraphs render him almost safe, among whom he distributes money most profusely. Fortunately Mr. Sheedy was from home, and Diamond removed to a distance. It is pretty well known that Hall and his accomplice rode through the township of Young at an early hour next morning. - Burrangong Times.

Leaving Sheedy's hotel word had reached Sub Inspector Singleton who immediately set off in pursuit:

Immediately on the Marengo police being informed of the robbery, they started in pursuit and dispatched information to Young. Mr. sub-inspector Singleton took prompt measures to intercept the ruffians. He started a party of police and a black tracker for the "Black Ranges" and Currawang. On the at arrival at Sheedy's inn, at Back Creek, they found that Hall and his mate had been there, and give their horses a feed of oats, and left in the direction of Wombat. The police then followed on their track, but to a late hour on Wednesday evening they had not returned. It appears that Hall wanted to obtain Mr. Sheedy's well-known race horse Black Diamond, but was disappointed. The ruffian who aided Hall was a tall, elderly man, clean shaved, and dressed in breeches and boots. A second party was like wise dispatched to Wombat by sub-inspector Singleton.- SMH 18th April.

By April 17, 1864, Ben Hall was the Central West's most notorious bushranging figure. For six consecutive days, the district’s police force scoured the wilderness in a futile attempt to capture him. Their efforts had not yielded any results, but the urgency was palpable. If Hall weren’t apprehended soon, the region's people would have to brace themselves for the bushranging era continuing with Hall at the helm.

A correspondent of the Yass Courier filed this local report on the recent raids reprinted in various newspapers of Hall and his stringing together a new band of bushrangers.

 

The Goulburn Herald and Chronicle 16 April 1864:

BUSHRANGING.- For these last six days nearly all this district's police have been scouring the bush in search of Hall; but it is unnecessary to comment upon the result. Suffice it to say that if Master Benjamin is not taken within a month, the public in general, and of this district in particular, may make up their minds to have the whole bushranging programme of these last two years re-performed under a different leader, i.e., Ben Hall captain--vice Mr. John Gilbert, retired, and Francis Gardiner, Esq., "twitched." For a gentleman from the Levels this day told me that Hall and his exploits--more particularly his apparent contempt of, and escape from, the police-are sources of almost endless conversation and ill-concealed delight to far too many of that numerous corps of youthful and agile stock riders which inhabit the extensive plains of Bland.

My respected informant also stated that he knew for a fact that Hall was rapidly re-organising another gang-some of the neophytes to which could not sufficiently screw their courage up to take an active part in his late attack on the Grogan station; so their experienced commander (making every allowance for the novelty of their position) considerately allowed them to act as scouts. It is probable, upon their next raid, that he will induce them to "cross the Rubicon." If so, the honest settlers around may anticipate, during the ensuing winter, a succession of sports more animated than agreeable.

Undoubtedly our district's and the Forbes police are to blame for this, as this "hydra-headed" state of things would never exist were not their captures so miserably few and far between that before one gang is exterminated another is ready to take its place.

Had Shadforth's party arrested Hall at Sandy Creek station (Wilson's), as they ought to have done, they would not only have had the profit of £1000, but they would also have had the honor of crushing out the fag end of Gardiner's gang. But the lame and semi-bootless robber makes a dash at the thoroughly armed police, runs the gauntlet, escapes, and so becomes the germ of another ruffian band, which, if report speaks truly, is now in the saddle, ready, if not impatient, for action. I'm informed that the plunder taken from Mr. Frederick Chisholm's by Hall, on the 1st instant, is considerably more than at first supposed. However, it may be a source of feeble gratification to that gentleman and the public to know that our gallant police still hold, with regard to Ben Hall, the same proud position that they have hold for these last two years, i.e., they are after him! There was a rumour afloat that the stolen racer, Chisholm's Troubadour, was recovered by the police: it is not true. The horse has not since been heard of. - Marengo correspondent of 'Yass Courier.

 

However, a nervous police force on patrol for the elusive bushranger nabbed a man they assumed was Ben Hall camped along the Murrumbidgee River surrounding the gentleman who was in a much dilapidated state they arrested and brought him into Young. Placed in the lockup he was soon identified as a Mr Lame as hid appearance was far from the of Ben Hall.

 

Yass Courier 20 April 1864:

Wrong Apprehension. — Not Ben Hall. — With the usual acuteness which characterises the majority of the police of this colony, an elderly man, Lame, and very much dilapidated in his garments, was apprehended on the Murrumbidgee River and escorted to Young as the notorious Ben Hall. On his arrival there on Saturday he was immediately liberated, his personnel agreeing in no one particular with that of the celebrated bushranger. The old man's hair and beard were fair, while those of Hall are very dark. There appears to be something not only stupid but heartless in dragging an old man such a distance without the remotest possibility of his turning out to be the real "Simon Pure."

 

John Gilbert had yet to reappear in Hall's company, and his whereabouts were a mystery to all but possibly Ben Hall. Frank Gardiner, who disappeared like a ghost in late 1862 with Catherine Brown was recently captured in Queensland, previously dominated the district. Hall's growing influence among the youth was undeniable, and if his capture was not imminent, a new wave of bushrangers was all but guaranteed.

Rumours of Hall's exploits, particularly his brazen disdain for the police and his uncanny ability to evade capture, spread like wildfire throughout the colony. A gentleman from the Levels, (The Bland Plains) a nearby area, noted that Hall's escapades were the talk of the town (Forbes). His apparent ease in outwitting the authorities was a source of both frustration for law enforcement and deep admiration for the young stock riders who roamed the extensive plains of the Bland and Lachlan. Hall was more than a criminal to these agile riders—he was a figure of legend, through his defiance of authority.

As Hall's reputation grew, so too did the myth surrounding him. Despite being a wanted man, his audacity and skill in bushcraft elevated him to the status of a folk hero for some. The police continued their relentless pursuit, but with every passing day, Hall's status as a bushranger captain seemed more and more secure. As reported 23 April 1864:

BEN HALL'S NEW GANG.-The information I sent you about a, week ago respecting Hall reorganising a fresh gang turns out to be quite correct, for he has now under him seven well mounted and armed men. A very pleasant prospect for travellers and isolated settlers this winter!- Correspondent of the Yass Courier.